“I arrived by cruise ship to the beautiful … Montenegro is a member of the International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River, as more than 2,000 km2 (772 sq mi) of the country's territory lie within the Danube catchment area. [citation needed], In 2019, the Freedom House reported that years of increasing state capture, abuse of power, and strongman tactics employed by the President Đukanović have tipped his country over the edge — for the first time since 2003, Montenegro is no longer categorized as democracy and became a hybrid regime. Montenegro was liberated by the Partisans in December 1944. Montenegro has many significant cultural and historical sites, including heritage sites from the pre-Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque periods. In a further restructuring in 1929, it became a part of a larger Zeta Banate of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia that reached the Neretva River. Television, magazines, and newspapers are all operated by both state-owned and for-profit corporations which depend on advertising, subscription, and other sales-related revenues. In the late 14th century, southern Montenegro (Zeta) came under the rule of the Balšić noble family, then the Crnojević noble family, and by the 15th century, Zeta was more often referred to as Crna Gora (Venetian: monte negro). During the 1991–1995 Bosnian War and Croatian War, Montenegrin police and military forces joined Serbian troops in the attacks on Dubrovnik, Croatia. The IROM—in its preliminary report—"assessed compliance of the referendum process with OSCE commitments, Council of Europe commitments, other international standards for democratic electoral processes, and domestic legislation." After the second session of the AVNOJ during World War II in Yugoslavia, the contemporary modern state of Montenegro was founded as the Federal State of Montenegro (Montenegrin: Савезна држава Црне Горе / Savezna država Crne Gore) on 15 November 1943 within the Yugoslav Federation by the ZAVNOCGB. Conscription was abolished in 2006. From numerous beaches, medieval towns, churches, and historical monuments, Montenegro has a … Montenegrin, Serbian, Bosnian, and Croatian are mutually intelligible, all being standard varieties of the Serbo-Croatian language. The media of Montenegro refers to mass media outlets based in Montenegro. Fighters who remained under arms fractured into two groups. In line with Article 49 of the EU Treaty, the Member States requested, on 23 April 2009, that the European Commission prepare an opinion upon the merits of the application. In April 1941, Nazi Germany, the Kingdom of Italy, and other Axis allies attacked and occupied the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. The plain stops abruptly in the north, where Mount Lovćen and Mount Orjen plunge into the inlet of the Bay of Kotor. On EE24 you could find 10020 properties for sale in country Montenegro. The President also proposes the calling of a referendum to Parliament, grants amnesty for criminal offences prescribed by the national law, confers decoration and awards and performs other constitutional duties and is a member of the Supreme Defence Council. [43] In 2017, fourteen people, including two Russian nationals and two Montenegrin opposition leaders, Andrija Mandić and Milan Knežević, were indicted for their alleged roles in the coup attempt on charges such as "preparing a conspiracy against the constitutional order and the security of Montenegro" and an "attempted terrorist act. The data also showed that from 2012 to 2013 the size of arable land decreased rapidly. Agricultural land covers 37% of the total national territory of Montenegro. Montenegro has two international airports, Podgorica Airport and Tivat Airport. No impartial report on the fairness of the referendum was made, as it was unmonitored, unlike in a later 2006 referendum when European Union observers were present. This royal flag was red with a silver border, a silver coat of arms, and the initials НІ, in Cyrillic script (corresponding to NI in Latin script), representing King Nicholas I. One of the country's notable peaks is Bobotov Kuk in the Durmitor mountains, which reaches a height of 2,522 m (8,274 ft). Montenegro is a candidate country for membership of the EU. Unexpectedly, the uprising took hold, and by 20 July, 32,000 men and women had joined the fight. It is a member of the United Nations, NATO, the World Trade Organization, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, the Council of Europe, and the Central European Free Trade Agreement. [77] Montenegro became NATO's 29th member on 5 June 2017, despite Russia's objections. Football is the second most popular sport in Montenegro. Prices from € 30 till € 80 000 000. It passes laws, ratifies treaties, appoints the Prime Minister, ministers, and justices of all courts, adopts the budget and performs other duties as established by the Constitution. The event is held in the frame of BLUE LAND project - Participatory model for the sustainable management of marine and coastal resources and for … Today, it is equipped to handle over 5 million tons of cargo annually, though the breakup of the former Yugoslavia and the size of the Montenegrin industrial sector has resulted in the port operating at a loss and well below capacity for several years. Montenegro believes NATO integration would speed up EU integration. A dimension of Montenegrin culture is the ethical ideal of Čojstvo i Junaštvo, "Humaneness and Gallantry". Montenegro is divided into five distinct agricultural regions: the coastal zone, Karst region, the northern mountainous area, Polimsko-Ibar region, and the Zeta-Bjelopavlići region. The mountains of Montenegro include some of the most rugged terrain in Europe, averaging more than 2,000 metres (6,600 feet) in elevation. Nicholas I established diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Empire. [87] The Montenegrin Adriatic coast is 295 km (183 mi) long, with 72 km (45 mi) of beaches and many well-preserved ancient old towns. Yet, the Yugoslav wars that were fought in neighbouring countries during the 1990s crippled the tourist industry and damaged the image of Montenegro for years. For a short time, Montenegro existed as a separate autonomous sanjak in 1514–1528 (Sanjak of Montenegro). Artificial development in Montenegro is getting more and more intensive, with an annual artificial land take rateof 0,55%, it became one of the fastest in Europe. Various types of elementary education are available to all who qualify, but the vocational and technical schools (gymnasiums), where the students follow four-year course which will take them up to the university entrance, are the most popular. Montenegro has both a picturesque coast and a mountainous northern region. Parlamentet beslutade den 12 juli 2004 att införa en ny flagga, ny nationalsång och ny nationaldag som ett steg mot ökad självständighet. Montenegro is a candidate country for membership of the EU. The number of species per area unit index in Montenegro is 0.837, which is the highest index recorded in any European country. The internal structure is quite different, compared with the previous period. During the occupation, King Nicholas fled the country and a government-in-exile was set up in Bordeaux. The situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina", OCCRP announces 2015 Organized Crime and Corruption ‘Person of the Year’ Award, Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project, The Balkans’ Corrupt Leaders are Playing NATO for a Fool, Montenegro invited to join NATO, a move sure to anger Russia, strain alliance's standards, "NATO, Russia to Hold Parallel Drills in the Balkans", "Russians behind Montenegro coup attempt, says prosecutor", "Montenegro Prosecutor: Russian Nationalists Behind Alleged Coup Attempt", Montenegrin Court Confirms Charges Against Alleged Coup Plotters. It lies between latitudes 41° and 44°N, and longitudes 18° and 21°E. Professional schools (Stručna škola / Стручна школа) last for three or four years and specialize students in certain fields which may result in their attending college; professional schools offer a relatively broad education. The two airports served 1.1 million passengers in 2008. The ISO Alpha-2 code for Montenegro is ME and the Alpha-3 Code is MNE. At the 2003 Thessaloniki Summit the European perspective of the Western Balkans countries was confirmed, and in July of the same year the Enhanced Permanent Dialogue was established as a regular consultation mechanism between Montenegro and the EU. en) 17604/12 ELARG 133 They lost in the final to defending World, Olympic and European Champions, Norway 26–23. [29] Modernization of the state followed, culminating with the draft of a Constitution in 1905. Montenegro and the European Union (EU) established formal relations through the Stabilisation and Association Process (SAP) in July 2001. "Montenegro's leader sees slow economic recovery", "EU Farming Standards Pose Test For Montenegro", "The European capital you'd never thought to visit (but really should)", "10 Top Hot Spots of 2009 by Yahoo Travel", "America Sending their Best Adventure Racers to Montenegro", "Montenegro: The money came and went – and Romani families are still unhoused", "Pilgrims Flock to Ostrog, Montenegro's Healing Shrine", Rifat Fejzic, the reis (president) of the Islamic community in Montenegro, https://www.maticacrnogorska.me/files/53/06%20ivan%20jovovic.pdf, "Чојство и јнаштво старих Црногораца, Цетиње 1968. Greater autonomy was established until the Socialist Republic of Montenegro ratified a new constitution in 1974. Nevertheless, intense guerrilla fighting lasted until December. The military currently maintains a force of 1,920 active duty members. In January 2010, The New York Times ranked the Ulcinj South Coast region of Montenegro, including Velika Plaza, Ada Bojana, and the Hotel Mediteran of Ulcinj, among the "Top 31 Places to Go in 2010" as part of a worldwide ranking of tourism destinations. According to some historians, the first armed uprising in Nazi-occupied Europe happened on 13 July 1941 in Montenegro.[30]. After falling under Ottoman rule, Montenegro regained its independence in 1696 under the rule of the House of Petrović-Njegoš, first as a theocracy and later as a secular principality. [citation needed] In 1515, Montenegro became a theocracy led by the Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral, which flourished after the Petrović-Njegoš of Cetinje became the traditional prince-bishops (whose title was "Vladika of Montenegro"). During the German operation Schwartz against the Partisans in May and June 1943, Germans disarmed large number of Chetniks without fighting, as they feared they would turn against them in case of an Allied invasion of the Balkans. In 2006, the Basketball Federation of Montenegro along with this team joined the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) on its own, following the Independence of Montenegro. As of 11 December 2017, 30 negotiating Chapters, including the rule of law Chapters, 23 – Judiciary and fundamental rights and 24 – Justice, freedom and security, have been opened, out which three Chapters (25 – Science and research, 26 – Education and culture and 30 - External relations) have been provisionally closed. "Black Mountain", pronounced [tsr̩̂ːnaː ɡǒra])[10][11] is a country in Southeast Europe. Zeta Banovina was one of nine banovinas which formed the kingdom; it consisted of the present-day Montenegro and parts of Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia. Seit 2006 haben sich die Beziehungen zwischen der EU und dem souveränen, unabhängigen Montenegro weiter vertieft. Its power started declining at the beginning of the 12th century. "Water Polo Is The Most Popular Sport in Montenegro", II. Finanzielle EU-Unterstützung des Reformprozesses in Montenegro. 341 properties for sale in Montenegro. On 15 October 2007 Montenegro signed a Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SAA) and an Interim Agreement on trade and trade-related issues. [66], Montenegro is home to three terrestrial ecoregions: Balkan mixed forests, Dinaric Mountains mixed forests, and Illyrian deciduous forests. For other uses, see, "Crna Gora" redirects here. [59][60][61], In its political rights and civil liberties worldwide report in May 2020, Freedom House marked Montenegro as a hybrid regime rather than a democracy because of declining standards in governance, justice, elections, and media freedom. After King Bodin's death (in 1101 or 1108), several civil wars ensued. The European Council endorsed the Commission's assessment that Montenegro complies with the membership criteria and can start accession negotiations on 29 June 2012. [83] The country exited the recession in mid-2010, with GDP growth at around 0.5%. Montenegro property / real estate for sale direct from private sellers & agents. A total of 419,240 votes were cast, representing 86.5% of the total electorate; 230,661 votes (55.5%) were for independence and 185,002 votes (44.5%) were against. Montenegro property here sells for €2,000–2,500 per square metre. On 9 December, Montenegro’s Prime Minister Milo Djukanovic delivered the answers to the EC's questionnaire to Commissioner Rehn. With most negotiation chapters open and a likely candidate to meet the 2025accession date suggested by the European Commission 's new 2018 enlargement strategy, Montenegro is in a leading position on its path towards EU accession, compared to the other five aspirants from the Western Balkans. Construction of new motorways is considered a national priority, as they are important for uniform regional economic development and the development of Montenegro as an attractive tourist destination. Religious determination according to the 2011 census:[93]. Montenegro has an upper middle-income economy; ranking very high in the Human Development Index. The Law on the Status of the Descendants of the Petrović Njegoš Dynasty was passed by the Parliament of Montenegro on 12 July 2011. [73] In May 2017 NATO accepted Montenegro as a NATO member starting 5 June 2017.[74]. [33], Montenegrin General Pavle Strugar was convicted for his part in the bombing of Dubrovnik. [50], The Montenegrin anti-corruption protests began in February 2019 against the incumbent President Milo Đukanović and the Prime Minister Duško Marković-led government of the ruling Democratic Party of Socialists (DPS), which has been in power since 1991. The students may continue their secondary education (Montenegrin: Srednja škola), which lasts 4 years (3 years for trade schools) and ends with graduation (Matura). Montenegro's official anthem during the reign of King Nicholas I was Ubavoj nam Crnoj Gori ("To Our Beautiful Montenegro"). The Agreement was unanimously supported by all parliamentary parties and ratified in the Parliament of Montenegro on 13 November 2007. From 1916 to October 1918 Austria-Hungary occupied Montenegro. Search for houses, apartments, villas and much more. The implementation of this constitutional responsibility was vested in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which was given the task of defining the foreign policy priorities and activities needed for their implementation. [67] It had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 6.41/10, ranking it 73rd globally out of 172 countries.[68]. Die EU unterstützt Montenegro finanziell vor allem im Rahmen des Instruments für Heranführungshilfe (IPA), das bis zum Jahr 2013 lief. [16][17][18] The Principality of Zeta emerged in the 14th and 15th centuries. The Venetian territory was centered on the Bay of Kotor, and the Republic also introduced governors who meddled in Montenegrin politics. This resulted in the Belgrade Agreement, which saw the country's transformation into a more decentralised state union named Serbia and Montenegro in 2003. [106][107] The traditional folk dance of the Montenegrins is the Oro, the "eagle dance" that involves dancing in circles with couples alternating in the centre, and is finished by forming a human pyramid by dancers standing on each other's shoulders. Other sports involved are boxing, tennis, swimming, judo, karate, athletics, table tennis, and chess. Under Nicholas I (ruled 1860–1918), the principality was enlarged several times in the Montenegro-Turkish Wars and was recognised as independent in 1878. Post-graduate education (post-diplomske studije) is offered after tertiary level and offers Masters' degrees, PhD and specialization education. 17604/12 ht/FH/bh/cos/LV/bh 1 DG C 2A DA RÅDET FOR DEN EUROPÆISKE UNION Bruxelles, den 11. december 2012 (12.12) (OR. "[69] Montenegro is an independent and sovereign republic that proclaimed its new constitution on 22 October 2007. One representative is elected per 6,000 voters. The Montenegrin Orthodox Church was recently founded and is followed by a small minority of Montenegrins although it is not in communion with any other Christian Orthodox Church as it has not been officially recognized. Montenegro ist ein im europäischen Vergleich relativ dünn besiedeltes, waldreiches Gebirgsland im südöstlichen Teil des Dinarischen Gebirges. The country was a well-known tourist spot in the 1980s. The national day of 13 July marks the date in 1878 when the Congress of Berlin recognized Montenegro as the 27th independent state in the world[75] and the start of one of the first popular uprisings in Europe against the Axis Powers on 13 July 1941 in Montenegro. This was a result of a process that was launched in May 2008. The bulk of its equipment and forces were inherited from the armed forces of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro; as Montenegro contained the entire coastline of the former union, it retained practically the entire naval force. [46][47][48], Montenegro has been in negotiations with the EU since 2012. Those loyal to the Karađorđević dynasty and opposing communism went on to become Chetniks, and turned to collaboration with Italians against the Partisans. Montenegro's large karst region lies generally at elevations of 1,000 metres (3,280 ft) above sea level; some parts, however, rise to 2,000 m (6,560 ft), such as Mount Orjen (1,894 m or 6,214 ft), the highest massif among the coastal limestone ranges.